What Is a Programming Compiler

A compiler is a software program that converts computer programming code written by a human programmer  into binary code (machine code) that can be understood and executed by a specific  CPU. The act of transforming  source code  into machine code is called compilation. When all the code is transformed at one time before it reaches the platforms that run it, the process is called ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation. Which Programming Languages Use an  AOT Compiler? Many well-known programming languages require a compiler including: FortranPascalAssembly LanguageCCSwift Before Java and C#, all computer programs were either compiled or interpreted. What About Interpreted Code? Interpreted code executes instructions in a program without compiling them into machine language.  The interpreted code parses the source code directly,  is paired with a virtual machine that translates the code for the machine at the time of execution, or takes advantage of precompiled code. Javascript is usually interpreted.​ Compiled code runs faster than interpreted code because it doesnt need to do any work at the time the action takes place. The work is already done. Which Programming Languages Use a JIT Compiler? Java and C# use  just-in-time compilers. Just-in-time compilers are a combination of AOT compilers and interpreters. After a Java program is written, the JIT compiler turns the code into bytecode rather than into code that contains instructions for a specific hardware platforms processor. The bytecode is platform independent and can be sent and run on any platform that supports Java. In a sense, the program is compiled in a two-stage process. ​ Similarly, C# uses a JIT compiler that is part of the Common Language Runtime, which manages the execution of all .NET applications. Each target platform has a JIT compiler. As long as the intermediate bytecode language conversion can be understood by the platform, the program runs. Pros and Cons of AOT and JIT Compilation Ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation delivers faster startup time, particularly when much of the code executes at startup. However, it requires more memory and more disk space. JOT compilation must target the least capable of all possible execution platforms. Just-in-time (JIT) compilation profiles the target platform while it runs and re-compiles on the fly to deliver improved performance. JIT generates improved code because it targets the current platform, although it usually takes more time to run than AOT compiled code.

Frankenstein Characters Descriptions, Analysis

In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, characters must reckon with the conflict between personal glory and human connection. Through the story of an alienated monster and his ambitious creator, Shelley raises themes such as familial loss, the search for belonging, and the cost of ambition. Other characters serve to reinforce the importance of community. Victor Frankenstein Victor Frankenstein is the main protagonist of the novel. He is obsessed with scientific achievement and glory, which drives him to discover the secret of manifesting life. He devotes all his time his studies, sacrificing his health and his relationships for his ambition. After spending his adolescence reading outdated theories on alchemy and the philosopher’s stone, Frankenstein goes to university, where he succeeds in germinating life. However, in trying to create a being in the mold of man, he fashions a hideous monster. The monster runs off and wreaks havoc, and Frankenstein loses control of his creation. Out in the mountains, the monster finds Frankenstein and asks him for a female companion. Frankenstein promises to create one, but he does not want to be complicit in the propagation of similar creatures, so he breaks his promise. The monster, enraged, kills Frankenstein’s close friends and family. Frankenstein represents the dangers of enlightenment and the responsibilities that come with great knowledge. His scientific achievement becomes the cause of his downfall, rather than the source of praise he once hoped for. His rejection of human connection and his single-minded drive for success leave him bereft of family and love. He dies alone, searching for the monster, and expresses to Captain Walton the necessity of sacrifice for a greater good. The Creature Referred to as â€Å"the creature,† Frankensteins unnamed monster yearns for human connection and a sense of belonging. His terrifying faà §ade frightens everyone and he is chased out of villages and homes, leaving him alienated. Despite the creatures grotesque exterior, however, he is largely a compassionate character. He is a vegetarian, he helps bring firewood to the peasant family he lives near, and he teaches himself to read. Yet the constant rejection he suffers—by strangers, the peasant family, his master and William—hardens him. Driven by his isolation and misery, the creature turns to violence. He kills Frankenstein’s brother William. He demands that Frankenstein should create a female creature so that the pair can live away from civilization peacefully, and have the solace of each other. Frankenstein fails to deliver this promise, and out of revenge, the creature murders Frankensteins loved ones, thus transforming into the monster he has always appeared to be. Denied a family, he denies his maker a family, and runs to the North Pole where he plans to die alone. Thus, the creature is a complicated antagonist—he is a murderer and a monster, but he began his life as a compassionate, misunderstood soul searching for love. He demonstrates the importance of empathy and society, and as his character deteriorates into cruelty, he stands as an example of what can happen when the basic human need for connection is not fulfilled. Captain Walton Captain Robert Walton is a failed poet and a captain on an expedition to the North Pole. His presence in the novel is limited to the beginning and ending of the narrative, but he nevertheless plays an important role. In framing the story, he serves as a proxy for the reader. The novels begin with Waltons letters to his sister. He shares a primary trait with Frankenstein: the desire to achieve glory through scientific discoveries. Walton greatly admires Frankenstein when he rescues him from the sea, and he listens to Frankenstein’s tale. At the end of the novel, after hearing Frankensteins story, Walton’s ship becomes trapped by ice. He is confronted with a choice (which happens to parallel the thematic crossroads faced by Frankenstein): go ahead with his expedition, risking his own life and those of his crewmen, or return home to his family and abandon his dreams of glory. Having just listened to Frankenstein’s tale of misfortune, Walton understands that ambition comes at the cost of human life and relationships, and he decides to return home to his sister. In this way, Walton applies the lessons that Shelley wishes to impart through the novel: the value of connection and the dangers of scientific enlightenment. Elizabeth Lavenza Elizabeth Lavenza is a woman of Milanese nobility. Her mother died and her father abandoned her, so the Frankenstein family adopted her when she was just a child. She and Victor Frankenstein were raised together by their nanny Justine, another orphan, and they have a close relationship. Elizabeth is perhaps the primary example of the abandoned child in the novel, which is populated by many orphans and makeshift families. Despite her lonely origins, she finds love and acceptance, and stands in contrast to the creature’s inability to find true familial connection. Frankenstein constantly praises Elizabeth as a beautiful, saintly, gentle presence in his life. She is an angel to him, as his mother was as well; in fact, all the women in the novel are domestic and sweet. As adults, Frankenstein and Elizabeth reveal their romantic love for each other, and get engaged to be married. On their wedding night, however, Elizabeth is strangled to death by the creature. Henry Clerval Henry Clerval, the son of a merchant of Geneva, is Frankenstein’s friend from childhood. He serves as Frankenstein’s foil: his academic and philosophical pursuits are humane, rather than scientific. As a child, Henry loved to read about chivalry and romance, and he wrote songs and plays about heroes and knights. Frankenstein describes him as a generous, kind man who lives for passionate adventure and whose ambition in life is to do good. Clerval’s nature is then quite in contrast with Frankenstein’s; instead of searching for glory and scientific achievement, Clerval searches for moral meaning in life. He is a constant and true friend, and he nurses Frankenstein back to health when he falls sick after creating the monster. Clerval also accompanies Frankenstein on his travels to England and Scotland, where they separate. Whilst in Ireland, Clerval is killed by the monster, and Frankenstein is initially accused of being his murderer. The De Lacey Family The creature lives for some time in a hovel joined to a cottage, which is inhabited by the De Laceys, a peasant family. By observing them, the creature learns to speak and read. The family is comprised of the old, blind father De Lacey, his son Felix, and his daughter Agatha. Later, they welcome the arrival of Safie, an Arabian woman who fled Turkey. Felix and Safie fall in love. The four peasants live in poverty, but the creature grows to idolize their compassionate, gentle ways. They serve as an example of a makeshift family, dealing with loss and hardship but finding happiness in each other’s companionship. The creature longs to live with them, but when he reveals himself to the peasants, they drive him away out of terror.   William Frankenstein William is Victor Frankensteins s younger brother. The creature happens upon him in the woods and tries to befriend him, thinking that the child’s youth would make him unprejudiced. However, William is terrified of the ugly creature. His reaction seems to suggest that the creatures monstrosity is too much for even the innocent. In a fit of rage, the monster strangles William to death. Justine Moritz, the orphan nanny, is framed for his death and later hanged for the alleged crime.

Theory of Knowledge Essay Free Essays

Theory of Knowledge Name: Rigved Sawant Topic: ‘Role of language and reasoning in History. ’ What is history? History, as anyone would know is the study of the human past. It can also mean the period of time after which writing was found. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory of Knowledge Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a field of research which uses a chronological pattern to examine and analyze the sequence of events and it also very minutely determines the cause and effect of such events. Those who study or researches in history are called historians. For them to have clear knowledge of language to be used history is very important. What I mean to say is that language has an exceptional place in history. Language was and still is a vital tool for better communication. It not only conveys thoughts, ideas, but forges friendship, cultural ties, etc. Throughout history many have reflected on the importance of language in history. For example, the scholar Benjamin Whorf has noted that language shapes thoughts and emotions, determining one’s perception of reality. Without proper use of language we cannot convey our thoughts effectively. Language is very relevant to understand history. History is subjective based on who is telling it and language is the ‘teller’. For example, the history of slavery; from the slave master’s point of view slavery for him will be according to the language he uses to describe it. He would use a language which will describe chattel, property, free labor, political advantage. But for a slave, it would be the other way round. The language he would use would be of degradation, sorrow, pain humiliation, torture. Two different perspectives of the same event. Look at the Holocaust, the language used by a Jew to describe the events during the world war 2 will be different from a language a German soldier of the third Reich would use. As time progressed some of the important languages in which also many of the ancient artifacts were written have diminished. People don’t understand the importance of such languages. For example, Sanskrit, it was or I would like to put it as it still is the most prominent language of all times. Many of the modern languages were evolved from this language alone. Such artifacts are also tampered and their language could be misused. Historians have to take care of the language they use while making their claims. Reason or the faculty of reason is a mental ability found in human beings. We normally give reasons to things we claim. Reason is the means by which rational beings meaning human beings give explanation concerning cause and effect, true or false. It also explains or justifies some event or phenomenon. Through arguments and proper means of reasoning we can justify our thoughts. Reason can change our beliefs, traditions and attitude. Same like in language we also have to reason correctly to support our claims. Reasoning is very important for historians. If proper reasoning is not provided by them no one would believe their works. When people have different perspectives the essence of the true reasons gets lost in the altering of the tale being told which is clouded by different perceptions. History has being significant in being biased throughout, from beginning of mankind. One cannot say that there was no reason for the events that had catastrophic effects that dehumanized our civilization. History gets lost in translation as we may not know what actually happened. There have always been different versions to the same story but the fact remains the same; History has always been altered. For example, books published in India say that Akbar was a great king, whereas books published in Pakistan say that he wasn’t a great king. Holy books of India have also been tampered while being translated. Although history has been proven wrong many times it wouldn’t be possible to evolve into this era of technology without the prior knowledge of human civilization. How to cite Theory of Knowledge Essay, Essays

Grand Wines Organisation

Question: Discuss about the Grand Wines Organisation. Answer: Introduction The organisation- Grand Wines is a setup based in Sydney to supply different varieties of wine through deals and the delegates have opened up around 400 autonomous wine stores around the city. It represents a comprehensive network of conveyance of wines. Wireless technology in all functions of an organisation is becoming the need of the hour and is rapidly turning into the standard requirement for various tasks through numerous associations and organizations. Grand Wines requires a setup which is centered on the establishment of secure Wi-Fi administrations at various levels of supply chain management so as to bring about efficient delivery of products and get rid of hassles, delays and potholes due to manual handling of data(Walker, 2005). SWOT Analysis The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to the instalment of the wireless technology across various spheres if the organisation are as such: Strengths Extremely efficient fibre-optics innovation High-performing installation hardware enabling desired results Cutting down costs such as that of telephone and fax. Expand the deals and make clients satisfied about the service rendered to them. All business delegates can collaborate and work efficiently with all components of the system (Scotland, 2013). Weaknesses Wireless systems are more susceptible to assault by unapproved clients The company may endure impedance on the off chance that others in the same area additionally utilize Grand wines' wireless setup Continuous coverage may be troublesome, particularly in dark spots where no wireless signals can reach. Remote transmission is at times slower and less productive as compared to "wired" systems. In bigger remote systems the foundation system is more likely to be wired. On the off chance that eroded cable lines aren't supplanted and slowed down signals continue, clients may switch over to better alternatives(Scotland, 2013). Opportunities Execution of this proposed system will save time. Business agents can then garner supplementary information during some span of time and process it to the headquarters. Furthermore Sales delegates will have prior information about the delivery of stock(Scotland, 2013). Threats Wireless transmission are airborne in nature and this can lead to opening of the system to interlopers and infringements that can originate from any network. WLAN movement goes over radio waves which tangible things such as walls of an enclosure can't totally sustain(Scotland, 2013). Project Details Title: Grand Wines Wireless Technology Installation 2016 Project Manager: Ted Litman (litman.ted04@gmail.com) Duration of the project: 8 months tentative (November 2016-June 2017) Proposed Budget: Costs of setup $50000 Costs of Annual connection $9600 Maintenance costs $60000 Installation and User support $45000 Server Upgrades $2000 Wi-fi costs $166,600 Total annual costs $322,600 Acceptance criterion: The proposed plan will be accepted by Grand Wines for implementation if it is approved by the Board of Directors and also the financial budget be ratified by the head of finances(Jandebeur Cho, 2010). Factors achieved to determine success Sales achieved over $500,000 in the main year Increment in contracted deals to 30 by year 3 Total assets appreciation over $2,000,000 by year 3. Organized networking and operability Reduction in client congestion and time lag in deliveries(Jandebeur Cho, 2010). Project Objectives The objectives of the proposed system and its utilization in Grand Wines is to diminish time loss during the procedures of transferring information from sales delegates to the main delivery and supply office for the required shipment of the concerned goodwithin the stipulated time. This technology can be fruitful in terms of the influx of requests on the grounds of there being considerable dangerof losing data and work or odds of human follies in obsolete data entry methods. Conveyance speed, exactness of orders, accessible stock and client satisfaction are the fundamental goals and objectives of the project(Jandebeur Cho, 2010). Deliverables of the project Reduced costs of delivery and correspondence Reduction in manual work and increased efficiency Increased potential for an intense versatile workforce(Entrepreneur, 2004). Benefits to the organisation Grand Wines will be benefited in the following ways due to establishment of the technology in the company: Expanded portability and cooperation People who utilize the wireless technology in various stages of the work will have more spare time on their hands so as to focus on other objectives. Enhanced responsiveness This will ensure greater benefit to the client and increased satisfaction. the customers of Grand Wines will get quick responses and deliveries which will lead to greater trust and reliance on the organisation. Better access to data (Entrepreneur, 2004). The list of stakeholders for this project includes: Board of Directors Mr A Whitman, Chairman Mr K Zeist, Director Mr L Phillip, Director Mr T Hody, Chief technical Officer Mr U Kurt, Chief Financial Head Mr Y Cooper, Chief Communications Officer. Plan Purpose The plan for Grand Wines for the installation of Wireless technology for wireless data entry by the sales representatives was developed in lieu of the recent difficulties and hassles faced in the daily procedures for delivering goods to customers. This plan will be implemented so as to steer clear of all such impediments and ensure smooth functioning between various agents, representatives and departments under Grand Wines. The stakeholders in the plan have been mentioned above. The work and progress at all levels will be ratified by these individuals and all information will be communicated to them(Carson Newman Information Technology, 2014). Information to be shared The information in this proposal comprises mainly of the progress, expenses and delays in installation of the wireless services. The information as such will be: Number of individuals working on the project at any point of time Utilization of budget so as to ensure effective utilization of finances Time-lag in any of the objectives to be achieved Details of ongoing work in the company apart from the project so as to ensure that normal work is not hampered(Jackson, 2010). This information will be shared at the end of every second week of the project work. A meeting with the board will be arranged at the end of every second week. Besides the meetings, urgent information requiring immediate attention can be shared with the members via e-mails and telephonic calls. The communications should be held effectively so as to ensure smooth functioning of various departments involved in the installation and also to make sure that any loophole or hindrance in any aspect of the work is conveniently addressed and resolved(Carson Newman Information Technology, 2014). Change management In the event of any sudden or planned change in the plan of action, the following steps will be undertaken: The first step is to identify the reason for change and the area of work in which the change is required. Augment sense of urgency - motivate individuals to move, make aims and decisions genuine and pertinent. Enable activity Get rid of impediments, put to productive use the helpful criticism and support from people with experience and hence reach the desired goals (CISCO, 2015). Meeting agendas The agendas for each board meeting will be as such: Presenting and discussing the progress of each department in the project. Taking into consideration the views and opinions of the members and drafting a plan of action based on those. Reviewing client reactions and responses. Communicating with the subordinated dealing with the wireless data entry system and making note of any impediments experienced by them and taking into consideration the suggestions provided by them. Assigning tasks to the financial, marketing and technical team after reaching objectives at the end of each meeting(Queensland Government Chief Information Office, 2014). Conclusion On effective establishment and implementation of the wireless technology in data entering in the organisation of Grand Wines, the desired results will be obtained within a span of six months and the returns will increase in terms of the annual turnover. Although the initial costs will require some degree of investment, the cost-effectiveness of this plan is quite high and it will eventually lead to cutting down of costs(Scotland, 2013). References Carson Newman. (2014). Information technology strategic plan. Carson Newman Information Technology. Information Technology, 24. CISCO. (2015). 5 reasons to go wireless. Retrieved from www.cisco.com: https://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/small_business/resource_center/articles/work_from_anywhere/why_go_wireless/index.html5 reasons Richard Stone. (2004, July). 5 steps to setting up a wireless network. Retrieved from www.entrepreneur.com: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/71518 Jackson, W. (2010, April). 4 threats to wireless security. Retrieved from www.gcn.com: https://gcn.com/articles/2010/04/19/mobile-computing-security.aspx Jandebeur, J., Cho, J. (2010). SWOT Analysis of Near Field Communication Technology . https://www.aabri.com/NO2013Manuscripts/NO13069.pdf. Queensland Government Chief Information Office. (2014). Change Implementation Plan. Queensland: Queensland Government Chief Information Office. Scotland, R. (2013, january 28). Wireless for Small and Mid-Size Businesses: The Objectives, Limitations and Benefits. Retrieved from www.canadablog.cisco.com: https://canadablog.cisco.com/2013/01/28/wireless-for-small-and-mid-size-businesses-the-objectives-limitations-and-benefits/ Walker, A. (2005, December). The Practical Use of GIS Technology in Business. Retrieved from www.directionsmag.com: https://www.directionsmag.com/entry/the-actical-use-of-gis-technology-in-business/12328